A mathematical theory of communication by c e shannon introduction t he recent development of various methods of modulation such as pcm and ppm which exchange bandwidth for signal to noise ratio has intensified the interest in a general theory of communication a. A mathematical theory of communication is an article by mathematician claude e shannon published in bell system technical journal in 1948 it was renamed the mathematical theory of communication in the 1949 book of the same name a small but significant title change after realizing the generality of this work it became one of the most cited of all scientific articles and gave rise to the . 4 the mathematical theory of communication equally well to music of any sort and to still or moving pictures as in television 12 three levels of communications problems relative to the broad subject of communication there seem to be problems atthree levels thus itseems reasonable to ask serially level a how accurately can the symbols . The mathematical theory of communication jingyi zhao download pdf download full pdf package this paper a short summary of this paper 34 full pdfs related to this paper read paper the mathematical theory of communication download the mathematical theory of communication